What to Do if You Got Pregnant Again to Reactivate Your Medical

What is CMV?

Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is a common virus in the herpes​ virus family unit. Fifty per cent people have been infected by young machismo and upwards to 85 per cent past twoscore years of historic period.

Peaks of infection occur in children less than 2 years age, and during adolescence. Once a person becomes infected, the virus remains alive but usually inactive (dormant) within that person's body for life.

Information technology is rare for a person to get symptoms subsequently the initial infection unless their immune system is weakened by astringent illness and treatments (eastward.yard. for cancer).

Reactivation tin can occur during pregnancy in women who take had infection previously, with a very small-scale gamble of transmission of CMV to the unborn baby.​

What are the symptoms?

Children and adults with healthy immune systems do not unremarkably develop symptoms when infected, but may develop an disease similar to glandular fever with tiredness, sore throat, swollen glands and fever. People with a weakened immune system are more than probable to develop symptoms.

How is CMV spread?

Humans are the only source of CMV. The virus is found in urine, saliva, nasal mucous, breast milk, vaginal secretions and semen of infected people.

The hazard of transmission from children born with disability due to CMV infection is no greater than that from children who take CMV infection without symptoms.

CMV is spread through:

• close contact with a person excreting the virus in their saliva, nasal mucous, urine or other body fluid
• handling children's toys that have saliva or mucous on them, or handling contaminated items like dirty tissues or soiled nappies then touching the eyes, olfactory organ or mouth without get-go washing hands
• from female parent to her unborn kid as a result of maternal infection during pregnancy
• from female parent to her unborn kid as a result of virus reactivation during pregnancy
• chest milk of an infected woman who is breast feeding
• sexual contact.

Who is at take chances?

If a woman is newly infected with CMV while pregnant, there is a run a risk that her unborn baby will also become infected (congenital CMV). Infected babies may, only not e'er, be born with a disability.

The highest risk to the unborn baby occurs when a woman who has never had CMV before is infected with the virus for the first fourth dimension during pregnancy (primary CMV infection) and when infection occurs during the first half of the pregnancy. Infection during one pregnancy does not increase the risk for subsequent pregnancies. However, if primary infection occurs, consideration should be given to waiting for at least 12 months before condign pregnant again.

Studies in Australia have shown that out of 1,000 alive births, most 6 infants volition have built CMV infection and 1-2 of those half-dozen infants (well-nigh 1 in 1000 infants overall) will have permanent disabilities of varying degree. These tin can include hearing loss, vision loss, small head size, cognitive palsy, developmental delay or intellectual disability, and in rare cases, decease.

Sometimes, the virus may reactivate while a woman is pregnant but reactivation does not usually cause problems to the woman or her unborn babe.

Can congenital CMV be prevented?

There is no licensed vaccine against CMV currently bachelor.

Pregnant women are recommended to take steps to reduce their risk of exposure to CMV and so reduce the chance of their developing baby becoming infected. Preventive steps include:

• wash hands often with soap and running water for at least fifteen seconds and dry them thoroughly.  This should be done especially after close contact with young children, changing nappies, blowing noses, feeding a young child, and treatment children's toys, dummies/soothers.
• do not share food, drinks, eating utensils or toothbrushes with young children.
• avert contact with saliva when kissing a child.
• apply simple detergent and water to make clean toys, countertops and other surfaces that come into contact with children's urine, mucous or saliva.

Child care workers who are pregnant or considering pregnancy should pay particular attention to good hand hygiene, especially afterwards changing nappies or profitable with bravado noses or toileting.

How is congenital CMV diagnosed?

A person who has been infected with CMV will develop antibodies in their blood that indicate infection has occurred, either recently, or in the past. These antibodies stay in the body for the remainder of that person'due south life. Other tests, that notice the virus, are used to determine if a person has an active CMV infection.

Testing for CMV is not routinely recommended for all women during pregnancy or for newborn babies. Testing for CMV should just be offered to pregnant women if they come into frequent contact with large numbers of very young children (eg child care workers).

Infants born to mothers diagnosed with a primary CMV infection during pregnancy should exist tested for congenital CMV infection. Babies who practise not have a normal hearing screening test at birth (SWISH) can also be tested for built CMV, as hearing loss is the nearly common sign of congenital CMV. However, some infants with built CMV infection who appear salubrious at nascency develop hearing or vision loss over time. For this reason babies known to be infected should have their hearing and vision assessed regularly.

Can congenital CMV be treated?

Pregnant women diagnosed with primary (first) CMV infection should be referred for specialist follow upwardly and counselling in society to receive up to date information nigh the risks and benefits of the available treatments, which are currently experimental.

Infants born with neurological disabilities due to CMV may benefit from early on antiviral treatment; this should exist discussed with a specialist paediatrician.

Most babies born with CMV infection grow upwards with normal wellness. Concerns almost CMV infection can exist discussed with a general practitioner or MotherSafe- a free telephone service that provides a comprehensive counselling service for women and their healthcare providers concerned nearly exposures during pregnancy and breastfeeding.

What is the public health response?

CMV infection is not a notifiable disease in New S Wales. Infection with CMV or built CMV does not touch admission to schoolhouse, work or childcare, including infants who have disabilities due to congenital CMV.

Further information

• NSW Health. Handle with Care: Looking after yourself during pregnancy.
• The Children's​ Hospital at Westmead - Cytomegalovirus (CMV) Factsheet
• Us CDC - Cytomegalovirus (CMV) and Pregnancy
• Congenital CMV Association of Australia website
• NHMRC. Staying Healthy: Preventing infectious diseases in early childhood didactics and care services (5th Edition) 2013
• RACGP Webinar (below): Congenital CMV - Mutual and Commonly Missed

Transcript: Congenital CMV - Common and Unremarkably Missed

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For further data please call your local Public Wellness Unit on 1300 066 055.​

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Source: https://www.health.nsw.gov.au/Infectious/factsheets/Pages/cmv-and-pregnancy.aspx

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